HỌC TIẾNG ANH QUA INTERNET: 2025

Saturday, July 5, 2025

ĐỀ THI TUYỂN CÔNG CHỨC ẤN ĐỘ 2023

ĐỀ THI MẪU TUYỂN CÔNG CHỨC ẤN ĐỘ

Đề thi mẫu UPSC Prelims bằng tiếng Anh

Dưới đây là 5 câu hỏi mẫu (trích từ đề thi thật Paper I – General Studies):

UPSC CSE Prelims – General Studies Paper I (Sample Questions)

1️⃣ Which one of the following best describes the term ‘Social Cost of Carbon’?

A) Long-term damage done by a tonne of CO₂ emissions in a given year

B) Requirement of fossil fuels for future generations

C) Efforts put by a government to reduce carbon emissions

D) The economic benefit of carbon trading

2️⃣ With reference to the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), consider the following statements:

1.IOD phenomenon is characterized by a difference in sea surface temperature between western and eastern Indian Ocean.

2.An IOD event influences the Indian monsoon.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A) 1 only

B) 2 only

C) Both 1 and 2

D) Neither 1 nor 2

3️⃣ Consider the following pairs:

Terms Sometimes seen in the news

1. Belle II experiment Artificial Intelligence

2. Blockchain technology Digital/ Cryptocurrency

3. CRISPR-Cas9 Particle Physics

Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?

A) 1 and 2 only

B) 2 only

C) 2 and 3 only

D) 1, 2 and 3

4️⃣ In the context of Indian history, the Rakhmabai case of 1884 revolved around:

A) Women’s right to education

B) Age of consent

C) Restitution of conjugal rights

D) Widow remarriage

5️⃣ Which of the following protected areas is well-known for the conservation of a subspecies of the Indian swamp deer (Barasingha) that thrives well on hard ground and is exclusively found in this region?

A) Kanha National Park

B) Manas National Park

C) Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary

D) Eravikulam National Park

👉 Đáp án mẫu:

A | 2. C | 3. B | 4. C | 5. A

Friday, July 4, 2025

MẪU ĐỀ THI TUYỂN CÔNG CHỨC ẤN ĐỘ

Bài thi CSAT mẫu 1 sau đây là 1 trong 4 bài thi trắc nghiêm của vòng 1 trong 3 vòng của kỳ thi IAS Exam ở Ấn Độ>.

Có hơn 300 câu hỏi được thiết kế trong 4 đề thi mẫu CSAT. Do đó, các đề thi này sẽ bao gồm các câu hỏi mẫu cho CSAT đẻ kiểm tra những kiến thức và kỹ nămg như sau::

Đọc hiểu

Kỹ năng giao tiếp

Lý luận logic và khả năng phân tích

Quyết định và giải quyết vấn đề

Khả năng tinh thần chung

Toán cơ bản (Lớp X)

Giải thích dữ liệu (Lớp X)

IAS viết tắt của Indian Administrative Service — Dịch sang tiếng Việt là Dịch vụ Hành chính Ấn Độ.

Đây là kỳ thi tuyển chọn công chức cấp cao nhất của Ấn Độ, nằm trong hệ thống thi tuyển công chức dân sự (Civil Services Examination — CSE).

Kỳ thi này được tổ chức hàng năm bởi UPSC (Union Public Service Commission — Ủy ban Dịch vụ Công Liên bang Ấn Độ).

Mục đích là tuyển chọn các cán bộ quản lý, hành chính cấp cao cho Chính phủ Ấn Độ như IAS (quản lý hành chính), IPS (Cảnh sát), IFS (Ngoại giao) và các dịch vụ dân sự khác.

Đây được coi là kỳ thi khó nhất Ấn Độ (và là một trong những kỳ thi khó nhất thế giới) vì tỷ lệ cạnh tranh cực cao và nội dung thi đòi hỏi kiến thức sâu rộng về nhiều lĩnh vực.

Thi ở đâu?

Kỳ thi do UPSC tổ chức trên toàn Ấn Độ, thường được thi tại các trung tâm thi ở các thành phố lớn (Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Bangalore,...).
Thí sinh phải thi 3 vòng:
1️⃣ Preliminary Exam (Prelims) — Thi trắc nghiệm (CSAT, General Studies).
2️⃣ Main Exam (Mains) — Thi tự luận nhiều môn chuyên sâu.
3️⃣ Interview (Personality Test) — Phỏng vấn trực tiếp.

Ai có thể thi?

Công dân Ấn Độ, từ 21–32 tuổi (có điều kiện ưu tiên cho các nhóm xã hội yếu thế).
Yêu cầu có bằng cử nhân.

CSAT Mock Test for UPSC Prelims là gì?

CSAT là viết tắt của Civil Services Aptitude Test. Đây là Giấy thi 1 (Paper I) trong kỳ thi UPSC Civil Services Preliminary Examination của Ấn Độ — tức là kỳ thi đầu tiên để tuyển chọn công chức cấp cao như IAS, IPS, IFS.
UPSC Prelims có 2 bài thi:
1️⃣ Paper I: General Studies — câu hỏi kiến thức tổng quát về lịch sử, địa lý, chính trị, kinh tế, khoa học...
2️⃣ Paper II (CSAT): kiểm tra năng lực suy luận, giải quyết vấn đề, kỹ năng tính toán, thông hiểu tiếng Anh cơ bản.
👉 CSAT chỉ cần đạt qualifying marks (thường 33% số điểm) để tính Paper I.
CSAT Mock Test: Là bài thi thử, mô phỏng cấu trúc và dạng câu hỏi CSAT thật, giúp thí sinh luyện kỹ năng giải đề, quản lý thời gian và làm quen với áp lực thi thật.

Candidates can practice CSAT questions given below and also can download CSAT Sample Paper 1,2,3 & 4 from the links provided:

CSAT SAMPLE PAPER 1

Q1. Excluding stoppages, the speed of a bus is 54 kmph and including stoppages, it is 45 kmph. For how many minutes does the bus stop per hour?

a. 5 min

b. 10 min

c. 4 min

d. 9 min

Q2. A man wants to reach a window which is 40 feet above the ground. The distance from the foot of the ladder to the wall is 9 feet. How long should the ladder be?

a. 81 feet

b. 40 feet

c. 41 feet

d. 54 feet

Q3. Which figure will replace the question mark?

a. A

b. B

c. C

d. D

Q4. A, B, C, D, E, F and G are members of a family consisting of four adults and three children, two of whom, F and G are girls. A and D are brothers and A is a doctor. E is an engineer married to one of the brothers and has two children. B is married to D and G is their child. Who is C?

a. E’s daughter

b. G’s brother

c. F’s father

d. A’s son

Answer the questions no. 5 to no. 9 based on the based on the figure given below in which Rectangle represents Males, Circle represents the urbans, Square represents the educated and (4) Triangle represents the civil servants.

Q5. The number indicating the uneducated urban males is

a. 5

b. 4

c. 1

d. 9

Q6. The number indicating the educated urban males who are not civil servants is

a. 7

b. 8

c. 9

d. 10

Q7. The number indicating the educated civil servants who are males but not urban is

a. 7

b. 10

c. 8

d. 4

Q8. The number indicating the educated males who are urban civil servants is

a.5

b. 4

c. 11

d. 8

Q9. The number indicating the uneducated females who are urban civil servants is

a. 11

b. 5

c. 9

d. 7

Q10. Roy and Kavi are working on an assignment. Roy takes 6 hours to type 32 pages on a computer, while Kavi takes 5 hours to type 40 pages. How much time will they take, working together on two different computers to type an assignment of 110 pages?

a. 8 hours 15 minutes

b. 10 hours

c. 7 hours 50 minutes

d. 6 hours 40 minutes

Q11. A man can cover a distance in 1hr 24min by covering 2/3 of the distance at 4 km/h and the rest at 5km/h. What is the total distance to be covered?

a. 4 km

b. 6 km

c. 10 km

d. 8 km

Study the paragraph and answer the questions (questions 12 to 15) that follow:-

The most important reason for this state of affairs, perhaps, is that India was the only country in the world to truly recognise the achievements of the Soviet Union-rather than merely focus on the debilitating faults that Communism brought to its people. The people of India realised that the achievement of one hundred percent literacy in a country much, much larger than its own and with similarly complicated ethnic and religious groupings, the rapid industrialization of a nation that was a primarily agrarian society when the Bolshevik revolution took place in 1917, the attendant revolutionary steps in science and technology, the accessibility of health care (primeval according to Western standards, perhaps, but not according to Indian ones) to the general population, and despite prohibition of the government of the time the vast outpourings in literature, music, art, etc. are momentous and remarkable feats in any country. In contrast, all that the West focused on were the massive human rights violations by the Soviet State on its people, the deliberate uprooting and mass migrations of ethnic peoples from one part of the country to another in the name of industrialization, the end of religion. In short, all the tools of information were employed to condemn the ideology of Communism, so much at variance with capitalist thinking. The difference with the Indian perception, I think here is, that while the Indians reacted as negatively to what the Soviet governments did to its people in the name of good governance (witness the imprisonment of Boris Pasternak and the formation of an international committee to put pressure for his release with Jawaharlal Nehru at its head), they took the pain not to condemn the people of that broad country in black and white terms; they understood that mingled in the shades of grey were grains of uniqueness (The Russians have never failed that characteristic in themselves; they have twice experimented with completely different ideologies, Communism and Capitalism both in the space of a century).

Q12. Which of the following statements according to the passage is correct?

a. India took heed of the weak faults of Russian policies and systems.

b. The process of industrialisation had already started when the Russian Revolution took place in 1917.

c. India seriously commended the achievements of Russia, i.e., hundred percent literacy and rapid industrialisation.

d. Literature, art and music received a setback during the communist regime in Russia.

Q13. The Indian perception of the Soviet Union was always

a. Neutral

b. Applauding

c. Counter-reactionary

d. Critical

Q14. The West did not focus on

a. Massive human rights violation of the Soviet state on its people.

b. Rapid growth of nuclear weapons in Russia.

c. Deliberate uprooting and mass migration of ethnic people in the name of industrialisation.

d. Both (a) and (c)

Q15. The passage is

a. Descriptive

b. Thought-provoking

c. Paradoxical

d. Analytical

Q16. Out of 130 students appearing in an exam, 62 failed in Science, 52 failed in English, whereas 24 failed in both Science and English. The number of students who passed is

a. 50

b. 20

c. 40

d. 30

Q17. A girl introduced a boy as the son of the daughter of the father of her uncle. The boy is a girl’s

a. Brother

b. Son

c. Nephew

d. Uncle

Q18. If TRANSFER is coded as RTNAFSRE, then ELEPHANT would be coded as

a. LEPEHATN

b. LEEPAHTN

c. LEPEAHTN

d. LEPEAHNT

Q19. A number series is given with one term missing. Choose the correct alternative that will continue the same pattern and fill in the blank spaces. 1, 4, 27, 16, ?, 36, 343

a. 121

b. 244

c. 125

d. 81

Q20. All good athletes want to win and all athletes who want to win eat a well-balanced diet; therefore all athletes who do not cat a well-balanced diet are bad athletes.

The best conclusion from this statement is that

a. No bad athlete wants to win.

b. No athlete who does not eat a well-balanced diet is a good athlete.

c. Every athlete who eats a well-balanced diet is a good athlete.

d. All athletes who want to win are good athletes.

CSAT Solutions The solutions to the above-mentioned 20 CSAT questions are as below:

Detailed solutions are provided below

Speed without stoppages = 54km/hr

Speed with stoppages = 45km/hr

Stoppages per hour =

By Pythagoras theorem,

Length of ladder =

3. This could be derived by observing the turns taken by the line (with the circle on its sides). Each time it rotates by 45 degrees.

4. Let the Circles represent the Females and Squares represent the Males.

Thus, C is the Son of A.

5. Uneducated: Exclude the numbers inside the square.

Educated: Numbers inside the Circle

Male: Numbers inside the Rectangle

Thus, 5 is the only number that satisfies the conditions.

6. Educated Urban Males: 8 and 9

As 8 represents the civil servants, 9 is the number that we are looking for.

7. Educated civil servant Males: 10 and 8

Non urban: 10

8. Educated male urban civil servants: 8

9. Uneducated female urban civil servants: 11

10.

11.

12. Refer to these lines, “The people of India realized that the achievement of one hundred percent literacy in a country much, much larger than its own and with similarly complicated ethnic and religious groupings, the rapid industrialization of a nation that was a primarily agrarian society when the Bolshevik revolution took place in 1917, the attendant revolutionary steps in science and technology, the accessibility of health care (primeval according to Western standards, perhaps, but not according to Indian ones) to the general population, and despite the prohibition of the government of the time the vast outpourings in literature, music, art, etc. are momentous and remarkable feats in any country“

India appreciated the achievement of Russia in the field of literacy and rapid industrialization

13. As indicated in the passage India applauded the achievements of Russia

14. Refer to these lines, “In contrast, all that the West focused on were the massive human rights violations by the Soviet State on its people, the deliberate uprooting and mass migrations of ethnic peoples from one part of the country to another in the name of industrialization, the end of religion. “

All that west focused on is mentioned in options a and c but not b

15. The writing style of this passage is analytical so option D is right.

16. Total students =130

Number of failed students = (62 + 52) – 24 = 114 – 24 = 90

(24 is subtracted to avoid repetition as it is included in both 62 and 52)

Number of students who passed = 130 – 90 = 40.

17. Father of her Uncle refers to her Grandfather. Now, His daughter would be the girl’s mother and her son would be the girl’s Brother.

18. LEPEAHTN

19.

From the statement only option (b) can be concluded

Xem liên kết các phần khác của đề thi trên: https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/csat-questions/

Tìm hiểu thêm về kỳ thi IAS Ơ ĐÂY

Thursday, July 3, 2025

Kỳ thi CSAT (College Scholastic Ability Test) của Hàn Quốc và đề thi mô phỏng

Kỳ thi CSAT là kỳ thi tuyển sinh đại học quốc gia của Hàn Quốc, tương tự như kỳ thi tốt nghiệp THPT ở Việt Nam nhưng có độ khó cao hơn rất nhiều.

Thông tin cụ thể về đề thi Tiếng Anh CSAT 2024 không dễ tìm kiếm trực tuyến bằng tiếng Việt, vì đây là một kỳ thi quốc gia của Hàn Quốc. Tuy nhiên, Google Gemini có thể cung cấp cho bạn một số thông tin chung về cấu trúc và đặc điểm của đề thi Tiếng Anh CSAT dựa trên các kỳ thi trước và thông tin về các kỳ thi chuẩn hóa quốc tế tương tự:

Hình thức: Thường là trắc nghiệm hoàn toàn.
Thời gian: Khoảng 70 phút.
Số lượng câu hỏi: Thường là 45 câu.
Nội dung: Đánh giá toàn diện các kỹ năng tiếng Anh, bao gồm:

Nghe hiểu: Các đoạn hội thoại, bài giảng, thông báo...
Đọc hiểu: Các đoạn văn học thuật, báo chí, khoa học... với nhiều chủ đề khác nhau, đòi hỏi khả năng nắm bắt ý chính, chi tiết, suy luận, từ vựng và ngữ pháp.
Ngữ pháp và Từ vựng: Các câu hỏi về cấu trúc ngữ pháp, cách sử dụng từ, tìm lỗi sai, điền từ vào chỗ trống...
Viết (gián tiếp): Thường là các câu hỏi yêu cầu sắp xếp câu, đoạn văn để tạo thành một bài viết mạch lạc, hoặc chọn câu/cụm từ phù hợp để hoàn thành đoạn văn.

Điểm đặc biệt của đề thi Tiếng Anh CSAT:

Độ khó cao: Được đánh giá là một trong những bài thi tiếng Anh khó nhất trên thế giới, đòi hỏi vốn từ vựng học thuật phong phú và khả năng đọc hiểu sâu.
Không có phần viết luận trực tiếp: Khác với một số kỳ thi khác, CSAT thường không có phần thi viết luận tự do.
Tập trung vào kiến thức học thuật: Các bài đọc thường liên quan đến các lĩnh vực khoa học, xã hội, nhân văn, triết học...

Để tìm được đề thi CSAT Tiếng Anh năm 2024 kèm đáp án, bạn có thể thử các cách sau:

Tìm kiếm trên các trang web giáo dục Hàn Quốc: Các trang web của Bộ Giáo dục Hàn Quốc hoặc các trung tâm luyện thi uy tín của Hàn Quốc có thể đăng tải đề thi và đáp án chính thức sau khi kỳ thi diễn ra. Bạn có thể cần sử dụng công cụ dịch để hiểu nội dung.
Các diễn đàn học tiếng Hàn hoặc luyện thi CSAT: Cộng đồng người học tiếng Hàn hoặc những người có kinh nghiệm luyện thi CSAT có thể chia sẻ tài liệu.
Mua sách luyện thi: Các nhà xuất bản giáo dục Hàn Quốc thường phát hành sách tổng hợp đề thi CSAT các năm, bao gồm cả phần Tiếng Anh.

Đề thi CSAT 2024 mô phỏng

Sau đây là một đề thi mô phỏng môn Tiếng Anh CSAT (College Scholastic Ability Test) của Hàn Quốc năm 2024. Xin lưu ý rằng đây là đề thi mô phỏng do AI Gemini tạo ra dựa trên cấu trúc, độ khó và các dạng câu hỏi thường gặp trong các kỳ thi CSAT trước đây, chứ không phải là đề thi chính thức của Bộ Giáo dục Hàn Quốc.

Đề thi này được thiết kế để mang lại trải nghiệm gần nhất với một đề thi CSAT thật, bao gồm phần Nghe (Text for Listening) và phần Đọc hiểu/Từ vựng/Ngữ pháp (Reading & Vocabulary & Grammar).

MOCK CSAT ENGLISH TEST 2024

Time Limit: 70 minutes Total Questions: 45

PART I: LISTENING COMPREHENSION (1-17) (Instructions: You will hear each question twice. Choose the best answer for each question.)

TEXT FOR LISTENING

1. (Man): Good morning, everyone. Welcome to the Grand Opening of the National Museum of Modern Art. We're thrilled to present our newest exhibition, "Echoes of Tomorrow," a collection that explores the intersection of technology and human emotion. (Woman): The centerpiece of the exhibition is a groundbreaking interactive installation called "The Dream Weaver." Visitors can contribute to a collective digital artwork by simply speaking their thoughts into a microphone. It’s truly a unique experience. (Man): And don't miss our special lecture series, starting at 2 PM today in the auditorium, featuring renowned artist Dr. Lena Petrova, who will discuss the future of digital art. (Woman): We also have a dedicated children's workshop on the third floor, where young artists can create their own digital masterpieces using virtual reality tools. Remember, admission is free all day today!

Question 1: What is the main purpose of this announcement? (A) To introduce a new art technology. (B) To advertise a special art workshop. (C) To promote the opening of a new exhibition. (D) To recruit volunteers for the museum.

2. (Woman): John, have you finished that report on the market trends for sustainable energy? The deadline is tomorrow. (Man): Almost, Sarah. I’ve analyzed most of the data, but I’m struggling with the conclusion. It’s hard to predict how quickly consumers will adopt these new technologies. (Woman): I understand. Maybe focus on the current adoption rates and the key factors influencing consumer behavior, rather than trying to make a precise long-term forecast. (Man): That’s a good point. I was getting bogged down in the future projections. I’ll revise the conclusion with that in mind. Thanks for the tip!

Question 2: What is the man's main problem with the report? (A) He can't find enough data. (B) He is struggling with the conclusion. (C) He is having trouble analyzing the data. (D) He doesn't understand sustainable energy.

3. (Man): Excuse me, I'm trying to find the lecture hall for "Advanced Quantum Physics." Is it in this building? (Woman): Oh, you're looking for Room 305, right? That's not in this building. You need to go across the quad. See that large red brick building with the clock tower? (Man): Yes, I see it. (Woman): It's on the third floor of that building. Take the main entrance, and the elevators are to your left. (Man): Great, thanks for your help! I appreciate it.

Question 3: Where is the man trying to go? (A) To the clock tower. (B) To Room 305. (C) To the main entrance. (D) To the quad.

4. (Woman): Welcome to "Healthy Living," our weekly podcast. Today, we're discussing the benefits of incorporating fermented foods into your diet. (Man): That's right. Foods like kimchi, yogurt, and sauerkraut are not only delicious but also packed with probiotics, which are essential for gut health. (Woman): Improved digestion, enhanced immune function, and even better mood are just some of the advantages. (Man): And it's easier than you think to start. Many supermarkets now stock a wide variety of these foods. Or, if you're feeling adventurous, you can even try making your own!

Question 4: What is the main topic of the podcast? (A) The art of making kimchi. (B) The benefits of fermented foods. (C) How to improve your mood. (D) The history of probiotics.

5. (Man): I heard the city council is proposing a new public transportation plan. What are your thoughts on it? (Woman): I think it’s long overdue. Our current system is overcrowded and inefficient, especially during peak hours. The new plan includes expanding the subway lines and adding more bus routes. (Man): That sounds promising. But I’m concerned about the cost. Who’s going to fund all these new projects? (Woman): They’re proposing a combination of federal grants and a slight increase in local property taxes. It won't be popular with everyone, but I believe the long-term benefits outweigh the short-term inconvenience.

Question 5: What is the woman's opinion of the new public transportation plan? (A) She thinks it is too expensive. (B) She believes it is a bad idea. (C) She thinks it is necessary and beneficial. (D) She is concerned about federal grants.

... (Continue with 12 more listening questions, each with a short dialogue/monologue followed by a question and four answer choices. The difficulty should gradually increase.)

PART II: READING, VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR (18-45)

I. Choose the one that is grammatically INCORRECT. (18-20)

18. (A) Despite the adverse weather conditions, the rescue mission proceeded as planned. (B) The scientist meticulously documented every stage of the experiment, ensuring accuracy. (C) Having completed the rigorous training, he was confidently of his ability to excel. (D) The ancient manuscript, discovered recently, sheds new light on the forgotten civilization.

19. (A) Not only did the team win the championship, but they also broke several records. (B) It was evident that the sudden change in policy had profoundly affected the local economy. (C) The more complex the problem, the more innovative solutions are required to address it. (D) He regrets not to have informed his supervisor about the critical error sooner.

20. (A) The unprecedented technological advancements have revolutionized the way we communicate. (B) Few people realize the extent to which artificial intelligence is transforming various industries. (C) Such was the intensity of the storm that many trees were uprooted and power lines downed. (D) He insisted on paying for the dinner, despite my objections for it.

II. Choose the most appropriate word or phrase to fill in the blank. (21-25)

21. The company's innovative approach to sustainability has earned it a reputation as a leader in environmentally __________ practices. (A) conscious (B) aware (C) considerate (D) mindful

22. Despite the initial setbacks, the project eventually __________ fruition, delivering significant benefits to the community. (A) came to (B) brought up (C) took over (D) put into

23. The scientific community is currently engaged in a __________ debate regarding the ethical implications of genetic engineering. (A) heated (B) warm (C) mild (D) cool

24. Rapid urbanization often leads to the __________ of natural habitats, posing a threat to biodiversity. (A) expansion (B) preservation (C) encroachment (D) restoration

25. The diplomat's __________ negotiation skills were crucial in reaching a peaceful resolution to the conflict. (A) inept (B) adroit (C) clumsy (D) awkward

III. Read the following passages and answer the questions. (26-45)

Passage 1 (26-28)

The burgeoning field of neuroaesthetics explores the biological bases of aesthetic experiences. Researchers in this discipline investigate how the brain processes art, music, and beauty, seeking to understand why certain stimuli evoke feelings of pleasure or profound emotional responses. Early studies, for instance, have utilized fMRI scans to observe brain activity while subjects view paintings or listen to musical compositions. These studies have revealed activation in reward centers of the brain, suggesting a deep-seated connection between aesthetic appreciation and fundamental human reward systems.

However, neuroaesthetics is not solely concerned with universal principles of beauty. It also delves into the complex interplay of individual preferences, cultural influences, and personal history that shape our aesthetic judgments. While some neural mechanisms for processing sensory information might be hardwired, the meaning and emotional impact derived from a work of art are profoundly influenced by learned associations and cultural contexts. This multifaceted approach underscores the intricate nature of human perception and the challenge of isolating purely biological components of aesthetic experience.

26. What is the primary focus of neuroaesthetics? (A) The history of art and music. (B) The economic impact of the arts. (C) The biological foundations of aesthetic experiences. (D) The psychological effects of technology on the brain.

27. According to the passage, what do fMRI studies in neuroaesthetics suggest? (A) Aesthetic appreciation is purely a cultural phenomenon. (B) There is a link between aesthetic appreciation and brain reward systems. (C) Only certain types of art activate brain activity. (D) Individual preferences are the sole determinant of aesthetic response.

28. The word "burgeoning" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to: (A) declining (B) stagnant (C) developing rapidly (D) controversial

Passage 2 (29-32)

The concept of "ecological overshoot" refers to the point at which humanity's demand for ecological resources and services in a given year exceeds what Earth can regenerate in that year. For decades, scientific data has indicated that we are consuming resources at an unsustainable rate, using up nature's capital faster than it can be replenished. This deficit accumulates, leading to a host of environmental problems, including deforestation, biodiversity loss, water scarcity, and climate change.

Addressing ecological overshoot requires a fundamental shift in our production and consumption patterns. This includes transitioning to renewable energy sources, improving resource efficiency, adopting sustainable agriculture practices, and significantly reducing waste. Furthermore, a global commitment to conservation and restoration efforts is crucial for replenishing natural capital. While the challenges are immense, the increasing awareness of our ecological footprint and the proliferation of innovative solutions offer a glimmer of hope for a more sustainable future.

29. What is the main idea of the first paragraph? (A) Earth's resources are unlimited. (B) Humanity is consuming resources at an unsustainable rate. (C) Climate change is the only environmental problem. (D) Deforestation is the primary cause of resource depletion.

30. The word "replenished" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to: (A) depleted (B) exhausted (C) restored (D) consumed

31. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to address ecological overshoot? (A) Transitioning to renewable energy. (B) Reducing waste. (C) Increasing consumption. (D) Adopting sustainable agriculture.

32. What is the tone of the second paragraph regarding the future? (A) Pessimistic (B) Indifferent (C) Cautiously optimistic (D) Alarmed

Passage 3 (33-36)

The invention of the printing press in the 15th century by Johannes Gutenberg marked a pivotal moment in human history, fundamentally transforming the dissemination of knowledge and the structure of society. Before its advent, books were laboriously hand-copied by scribes, making them scarce, expensive, and largely inaccessible to the general populace. The printing press revolutionized this process, enabling the mass production of books at a fraction of the cost and time.

This technological innovation had far-reaching consequences. It played a crucial role in the Protestant Reformation, as it facilitated the rapid spread of religious texts and challenging new ideas. It fueled the Renaissance by making classical texts more widely available, contributing to a resurgence of learning and intellectual inquiry. Furthermore, the increased availability of printed materials led to higher literacy rates and the standardization of languages, laying the groundwork for modern education systems and the rise of national identities. The printing press truly democratized knowledge, ushering in an era of unprecedented intellectual and cultural advancement.

33. What was the primary impact of the printing press mentioned in the passage? (A) It made books more expensive. (B) It limited the spread of new ideas. (C) It transformed the dissemination of knowledge. (D) It encouraged hand-copying of books.

34. Before the printing press, how were books produced? (A) By mass production in factories. (B) By mechanical printers. (C) By scribes hand-copying them. (D) By digital reproduction.

35. The word "pivotal" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to: (A) insignificant (B) minor (C) crucial (D) detrimental

36. Which of the following was a consequence of the printing press, according to the passage? (A) A decrease in literacy rates. (B) The decline of national identities. (C) The standardization of languages. (D) The slowing down of intellectual inquiry.

Passage 4 (37-40)

The "butterfly effect" is a concept that illustrates how small, seemingly insignificant changes in complex systems can lead to large, unpredictable outcomes. Often associated with chaos theory, the term was coined by meteorologist Edward Lorenz, who observed that a minute difference in initial conditions—such as the flap of a butterfly's wings in Brazil—could theoretically lead to a hurricane in Texas weeks later. This does not imply that a single butterfly's wing flap directly causes a hurricane, but rather that it represents a tiny, undetectable perturbation that, when amplified through the intricate feedback loops of the atmosphere, can alter the trajectory of a weather system.

The butterfly effect has implications beyond meteorology, influencing fields ranging from economics to social sciences. It highlights the inherent unpredictability of many natural and social phenomena, making precise long-term forecasting challenging, if not impossible. Understanding this concept encourages a humble approach to predictions and emphasizes the interconnectedness of seemingly disparate elements within complex systems. It underscores the idea that even the smallest action can have unforeseen ripple effects.

37. What is the "butterfly effect" primarily used to illustrate? (A) The predictable nature of complex systems. (B) How large changes lead to small outcomes. (C) The impact of small changes on large outcomes in complex systems. (D) The direct causation between a butterfly and a hurricane.

38. Who coined the term "butterfly effect"? (A) A social scientist. (B) An economist. (C) A meteorologist. (D) A philosopher.

39. The word "perturbation" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to: (A) stability (B) disturbance (C) predictability (D) equilibrium

40. According to the passage, what does the butterfly effect imply about long-term forecasting in complex systems? (A) It is always accurate. (B) It is precise and easy. (C) It is challenging, if not impossible. (D) It is only applicable to weather systems.

Passage 5 (41-45)

The practice of mindfulness, rooted in ancient Buddhist traditions, has gained significant traction in contemporary Western societies as a secular therapeutic technique. At its core, mindfulness involves paying deliberate attention to the present moment, without judgment. This means observing one's thoughts, feelings, and bodily sensations as they arise, rather than getting caught up in ruminating about the past or worrying about the future.

Numerous scientific studies have demonstrated the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions in alleviating stress, anxiety, and depression. By cultivating a non-reactive awareness, individuals can develop a greater sense of emotional regulation and resilience. Furthermore, mindfulness has been shown to improve cognitive functions such as attention span and working memory. While often practiced through meditation, mindfulness can also be integrated into daily life through simple exercises like mindful eating or walking, making it an accessible tool for promoting mental well-being in a fast-paced world.

41. What is the core principle of mindfulness as described in the passage? (A) Dwelling on past mistakes. (B) Planning meticulously for the future. (C) Paying deliberate attention to the present moment without judgment. (D) Suppressing all negative emotions.

42. What is the origin of mindfulness as a practice? (A) Modern psychology. (B) Ancient Buddhist traditions. (C) Western therapeutic techniques. (D) Cognitive science.

43. The word "alleviating" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to: (A) intensifying (B) worsening (C) easing (D) creating

44. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a benefit of mindfulness? (A) Alleviating stress. (B) Improving physical strength. (C) Enhancing emotional regulation. (D) Improving attention span.

45. How can mindfulness be integrated into daily life? (A) Only through prolonged meditation retreats. (B) By completely avoiding all thoughts. (C) Through simple exercises like mindful eating or walking. (D) By constantly worrying about the future.

ANSWER KEY (MOCK CSAT ENGLISH TEST 2024)

PART I: LISTENING COMPREHENSION

C
B
B
B
C ... (Answers for the remaining 12 listening questions would be here if this were a full test.)

PART II: READING, VOCABULARY & GRAMMAR

I. Choose the one that is grammatically INCORRECT. 18. C (Should be "confidently about his ability" or "confident of his ability") 19. D (Should be "He regrets not having informed" or "He regrets not informing") 20. D (Should be "despite my objections to it")

II. Choose the most appropriate word or phrase to fill in the blank. 21. A (environmentally conscious practices) 22. A (came to fruition) 23. A (heated debate) 24. C (encroachment of natural habitats) 25. B (adroit negotiation skills)

III. Read the following passages and answer the questions. 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. C 33. C 34. C 35. C 36. C 37. C 38. C 39. B 40. C 41. C 42. B 43. C 44. B 45. C

Lưu ý quan trọng:

Đây chỉ là đề mô phỏng: Đề thi CSAT thật sự sẽ rất dài và đòi hỏi thời gian làm bài chính xác 70 phút với 45 câu hỏi. Phần Nghe sẽ có nhiều dạng câu hỏi đa dạng hơn (nối, chọn hình ảnh, điền vào chỗ trống, v.v.).
Từ vựng và cấu trúc: Đề CSAT thật sẽ sử dụng nhiều từ vựng học thuật, cấu trúc câu phức tạp và các bài đọc có nội dung chuyên sâu từ nhiều lĩnh vực khác nhau (khoa học, lịch sử, văn học, triết học, kinh tế, xã hội học...).
Chiến lược làm bài: Để làm tốt đề CSAT, học sinh cần có chiến lược làm bài hiệu quả, quản lý thời gian chặt chẽ và khả năng suy luận cao.

HỌC TIẾNG ANH QUA INTERNET